The Fort Edwards Foundation of Capon Bridge, West Virginia
References for French & Indian War MapsFor those who are interested in researching maps of the French and Indian War era we are posting the resources we for our two newly published maps (2006). The base map (rivers, shore line, cities and Indian tribes) for "Map of the French and Indian War in North Ameica 1754-1763" was the "Map of the American Revolution" (filename: AMREAmap4.ai). Thanks to the National Park Service Harpers Ferry Design Center for posting their maps for public use at www.nps.gov/carto. The information on the base map was heavily modified. The cartouche was modified from the Lewis Evans 1755 "A General Map of the middle British colonies in America, viz. Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Pensilvania, New-Jersey, New York, Connecticut & Rhode-Island: Of Aquanishuonigy the country of the confederate Indians comprehending Aquanishuonigy proper, their places of residence, Ohio & Thuchsochruntie their deer hunting countries, Couchsachrage & Skaniadarade their beaver hunting countries, of the Lakes Erie, Ontario and Champlain. Wherein is also shewn the antient & present seats of the Indian nations." This cartouche appears in various editions and adaptations of this colonial map. The base maps (rivers and shoreline) for "The British Central Frontier During the French & Indian War" were several USGS [state].hydro.sdts files: PAHYLE01.DDF, MDHYLE01.DDF, WVHYLE01.DDF, VAHYLE01.DDF The cartouche was modified from "An accurate map of His Majesty's Province of New-Hampshire in New England, taken from actual surveys of all the inhabited part, and from the best information of what is uninhabited, together with the adjacent countries, which exhibits the theatre of this war in that part of the world" by Col. Blanchard and the Revd. Mr. Langdon. Engraved by Thomas Jefferys. Portsmouth, N.H., 1761. ---------------------- Sources for North American sites Colonial Maps: "A New Map of the British Dominions in North America with the Limits of the Governments annexed thereto by the Late Treaty of Peace, and Settled by Proclamation, October 7th, 1763" engraved by T. Kitchin (engraved for the History of the War in the Annual Register and to be Placed at the End of the Volume for 1763.) "A Map of the Province of Pennsylvania Drawn from the Best Authorities" "A map of Louisiana, with the course of the Missisipi, and the adjacent rivers, the nations of the natives, the French establishments and the mines" by the author of ye History of that colony. 1757. Le Page du Pratz [London, Printed for T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, 1763] "A Map of that part of America which was the Principal Seat of War, in 1756." From Gentleman's Magazine. London: February 1757. Moll's "N. Carolina to Florida" "Map of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York and New England" by Eman. Bowen 1747 "An accurate map of His Majesty's Province of New-Hampshire in New England, taken from actual surveys of all the inhabited part, and from the best information of what is uninhabited, together with the adjacent countries, which exhibits the theatre of this war in that part of the world" by Col. Blanchard and the Revd. Mr. Langdon. Engraved by Thomas Jefferys. Portsmouth, N.H., 1761. [The cartouche for "The British Central Colonies During the French and Indian War" was modified from this map.} "A Map of the Middle British Colonies in North America. First Published
by Mr. Lewis Evans, of Philadelphia in 1755" by T. Pownall, 1776
"A Map of Pensilvania, New-Jersey, New-York, and the three Delaware Counties" by Lewis Evans 171749 "Map of the Province of Pennsylvania" by W. Scull, Philadelphia, printed by James Nevil for the author April 1st, 1770 "A survey of the northern neck of Virginia, being the lands belonging to the Rt. Honourable Thomas Lord Fairfax Baron Cameron, bounded by & within the Bay of Chesapoyocke and between the rivers Rappahannock and Potowmack: With the courses of the rivers Rappahannock and Potowmack, in Virginia, as surveyed according to order in the years 1736 & 1737" [John Warner 1747] "A new and accurate map of New Jersey, Pensilvania, New York and New England, with the adjacent countries. Drawn from surveys, assisted by the most approved modern maps & charts and regulated by astronomical observations" By Eman. Bowen. [London, 1747] "A new map of Nova Scotia, and Cape Breton Island with the adjacent parts of New England and Canada, composed from a great number of actual surveys; and other materials regulated by many new astronomical observations of the longitude as well as latitude" by Thomas Jefferys, geographer to the King. [London; Printed & sold by R. Sayer & J. Bennett, 1775.] "Map of the Country between Wills Creek and Fort du Quesne" [attributed to Robert Orme] "Map of the Western Parts of the Colony of Virginia as far as the Mississippi" [inserted in the published copy of George Washington's journal.] "A Map of Virginia from the best Authorities" by T. Kitchin "A map of the province of Pensilvania / drawn from the best authorities" by T. Kitchin gr. [London] : Printed for R. Baldwin, 1756. "Carolina" by H. Moll "A Draught of the Cherokee Country, on the West Side of the Twenty four Mountains, commonly called Over the Hills" Taken by Henry Timberlake when he was in that Country in March 1762 [South Carolina State Archives] "A Map of the Indian Nations in the Southern Department, 1766" [South Carolina State Archives] "A Map of the Cherokee Country" by John Stuart [South Carolina State Archives] ------- modern resources: "The Indian World" from The Musket and the Cross by Edmonds maps from The Expansion of South Carolina 1729-1765 by Robert L. Merriwether; Southern Publishers, Inc., Kingsport, Tenn., 1940 "Eastern North America 1754-1763" from Empire at War by William M. Fowler, Jr. maps from: The French and Indian War by Edward P. Hamilton; Doubleday, 1962 map from: Explorers and Settlers: Historic Places ed. by Robert G. Ferns; National Park Service, 1968 Historical Atlas by William Shepherd maps from: Crucible of War: The Seven Year's War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766 by Fred Anderson; Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2000. "Canada et Terres Angloises Based on the Northern Half of a Map by the Sieru d'Anville - November, 1755" from: France and England in North America by Francis Parkman Maps drawn by Erwin Raisz from The Course of Empire by Bernard DeVoto; Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, 1952 Historical Atlas of the United States by Clifford L. Lord and Elizabeth H. Lord; New York, Henry Holt and Company "Champlain and Mohawk Frontiers 1609-1763;" and "Maine and Acadia 1603-1763" from France in America by Reuben Gold Thwaites "Frontier Forts between the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers" from: Pennsylvania Colonial and Federal ed. by Howard M. Jenkins, 1903 Vol. 1, p. 533. The French and Indian War. 1754-1763: The Imperial Struggle for North America; by Seymour I. Schwartz; Edison, NJ, 1999. [several errors in text] ----------------------------------------- Sources for the Central Frontier (include some resources on Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia shown above): --Colonial sources: "A Map of the Most Inhabited Part of Virginia containing the Whole Province of Maryland with a Part of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and North Carolina" by Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson; London, Thos. Jefferys [1755] George Washington's Bookplate --modern sources: "Washington's Chain of Forts" drawn by A. H. Bumstead and J. M. Darley; National Geographic Magazine; January 1932, p. 40 "The Virginia Frontier, including Washington's Proposed Forts, 1756-1758" in All Cloudless Glory by Harrison Clark, p. 101 "Contemporary Frontier Settlements 1740-1760;" "Map of the Roanoke Community 1740-1760;" "The Virginia Frontier 1756" from Kegley's Virginia Frontier: The Beginning of the Southwest, The Roanoke of Colonial Days 1740-1783 by B. F. Kegley; The Southwest Virginia Historical Society, Roanoke, Virginia, 1938. opposite pp. 112, 177, 244; maps drawn by Elizabeth Waller Wilkins "Map of Washington's Early Activities and Expeditions", sheets 1-3 [The National Archives] "The Journey to Fort Le Boeuf" [p.26] and "* Roads to the Forks: Braddock and Forbes" from Young George Washington and the French and Indian War, 1753-1758; by Robert M. McClung; Linnet Books, North Haven, CT, 2002 "Approximate Location of the Virginia Frontier Forts" from George Washington by Douglas Southall Freeman "Alternate Routes to the Ohio" and "Major George Washington's Route to and from The Forks of the Ohio" and Fort Le Boeuf from Washington: The Indispensavle Man by James Thomas Flexner; Little Brown; 1969, 1974 "Sketch Map of the Fort Necessity Campaign" from Contrecouer's Copy of George Washington's Journal of 1754; ed. by Donald H. Kent; Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Maps from: The French Invasion of Western Pennsylvania by Donald H. Kent; 1954 maps from Fort Loudoun on the Frontier by Gary T. Hawbaker, 1976 "Our First War, Frontier Forts & Historic Places in Lower Cumberland County, Pennsylvania (Became Franklin County in 1784)" by Douglas R. Keefer; Fort Loudoun, Pennsylvania, 2005 George Washington Atlas Frontier Forts Along the Potomac and Its Tributaries; William H. Ansel, Jr.; McClain Printing Company, Parsons, West Virginia, 1984. The Papers of George Washington, Colonial Series, Vols. 1-5; W. W. Abbott, ed.; University Press of Virginia, Charlottsville, Virginia, 1983-1988. French and Indian War in Frederick County; Norman L. Baker; Winchester-Frederick County Historical Society, Winchester, Virginia, 2000. "The Braddock Expedition" drawn by L. Neill Woods, researched by Richard E. Griffith, c1930 [The Handley Archives, Winchester, Va. F16, mapcase 2, drawer 2 WFCHS] "Private Forts on the Tuscarora Frontier from Fort Loudoun, Pennsylvania to Fort Frederick, Maryland 1755-1763" [Conococheague Institute, Welsh Run, Pa.] "Fort Cumberland and Vicinity" from The Great Valleys of North America, p. 577 [fn. ...from a sketch among the Sparks maps in the library of cornell University...] "The Potomac Valleys of Virginia and West Virginia" from Wappotomaka by Morrison "Frontier Forts 1754-1763 Northwestern Virginia" drawn by Olivia Sue Lambert from: *** "Corghan's Activities as an Indian Trader and Agent" and "Croghan's Land Operations" and "Indian Activities" from George Croghan and the Westward Movement 1741-1782 by Albert T. Volwiler; The Arthur H. Clark Company, Cleveland, 1926 The Ohio Company of Virginia and the Westward Movement, 1748-1792 by Kenneth P. Bailey; Wennawoods Publishing, Lewisburg, PA, 2000 (originally published 1939)."Forts of the French & Indian War" (Reprinted by permissioin from Charles M. Stolz, "Defense in the Wilderness," Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 41 (1958) maps from: Maj. Gen. Adam Stephen and the Course of American Liberty by Henry M. Ward. "Frontier forts between the Delaware and Susquehanna Rivers" from: Pennsylvania Colonial and Federal, ed. by Howard M. Jenkins, 1903 Vol. 1, p. 533 |